Chrysin alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ferroptosis in rats / 中国中药杂志

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether chrysin reduces cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury(CIRI) by inhi-biting ferroptosis in rats. Male SD rats were randomly divided into a sham group, a model group, high-, medium-, and low-dose chrysin groups(200, 100, and 50 mg·kg~(-1)), and a positive drug group(Ginaton, 21.6 mg·kg~(-1)). The CIRI model was induced in rats by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion(tMCAO). The indexes were evaluated and the samples were taken 24 h after the operation. The neurological deficit score was used to detect neurological function. The 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride(TTC) staining was used to detect the cerebral infarction area. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and Nissl staining were used to observe the morphological structure of brain tissues. Prussian blue staining was used to observe the iron accumulation in the brain. Total iron, lipid pero-xide, and malondialdehyde in serum and brain tissues were detected by biochemical reagents. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR), immunohistochemistry, and Western blot were used to detect mRNA and protein expression of solute carrier fa-mily 7 member 11(SLC7A11), transferrin receptor 1(TFR1), glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4), acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4(ACSL4), and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2(PTGS2) in brain tissues. Compared with the model group, the groups with drug intervention showed restored neurological function, decreased cerebral infarction rate, and alleviated pathological changes. The low-dose chrysin group was selected as the optimal dosing group. Compared with the model group, the chrysin groups showed reduced content of total iron, lipid peroxide, and malondialdehyde in brain tissues and serum, increased mRNA and protein expression levels of SLC7A11 and GPX4, and decreased mRNA and protein expression levels of TFR1, PTGS2, and ACSL4. Chrysin may regulate iron metabolism via regulating the related targets of ferroptosis and inhibit neuronal ferroptosis induced by CIRI.

Clinical features and efficacy of microsurgery for treatment of cerebral cysticercosis of the fourth ventricle: a report of 24 patients / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of 24 patients with cysticercosis of the fourth ventricle, and to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of microsurgery. Methods The clinical data of 24 patients with cysticercosis of the fourth ventricle referred the Department of Neurosurgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University from January 2000 to December 2018 were collected, and the clinical features, imaging characteristics, surgical methods, therapeutic efficacy and postoperative complications were analyzed. Results The 24 patients included 15 men and 9 women, and had a mean age of 43.5 years (range, 16 to 68 years). Preoperative imaging examinations showed obvious dilatation of bilateral lateral ventricles, the third ventricle and middle cerebral aqueduct, and spherical or cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle. There were 18 cases positive for antibodies against cysticercus, and 3 of the 21 cases were egg positives. All 24 cases received microsurgery, including 8 cases via the median aperture approach, 7 cases via the median aperture-cerebellar vermis approach, and 9 cases via the transcerebellomedullary fissure approach. There were 17 cases with complete delivery of vesicles, 5 cases with vesicle rupture and 2 cases with extraction of cystic fluid followed by separation and removal of cystic wall. All cases had obvious retraction of the ventricular system and disappearance of intracranial hypertension following surgery. There were 19 cases (79.17%) with well recovery, and 5 cases (20.83%) with aggravation or development of cerebellar ataxia, which recovered following treatment for 1 to 2 weeks. Conclusion The transcerebellomedullary fissure approach is a safe and lowly invasive approach for the treatment of cysticercosis of the fourth ventricle.

Clinical features and efficacy of microsurgery for treatment of cerebral cysticercosis of the fourth ventricle: a report of 24 patients / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of 24 patients with cysticercosis of the fourth ventricle, and to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of microsurgery. Methods The clinical data of 24 patients with cysticercosis of the fourth ventricle referred the Department of Neurosurgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University from January 2000 to December 2018 were collected, and the clinical features, imaging characteristics, surgical methods, therapeutic efficacy and postoperative complications were analyzed. Results The 24 patients included 15 men and 9 women, and had a mean age of 43.5 years (range, 16 to 68 years). Preoperative imaging examinations showed obvious dilatation of bilateral lateral ventricles, the third ventricle and middle cerebral aqueduct, and spherical or cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle. There were 18 cases positive for antibodies against cysticercus, and 3 of the 21 cases were egg positives. All 24 cases received microsurgery, including 8 cases via the median aperture approach, 7 cases via the median aperture-cerebellar vermis approach, and 9 cases via the transcerebellomedullary fissure approach. There were 17 cases with complete delivery of vesicles, 5 cases with vesicle rupture and 2 cases with extraction of cystic fluid followed by separation and removal of cystic wall. All cases had obvious retraction of the ventricular system and disappearance of intracranial hypertension following surgery. There were 19 cases (79.17%) with well recovery, and 5 cases (20.83%) with aggravation or development of cerebellar ataxia, which recovered following treatment for 1 to 2 weeks. Conclusion The transcerebellomedullary fissure approach is a safe and lowly invasive approach for the treatment of cysticercosis of the fourth ventricle.

Expression characteristics of CD200 in acute myeloid leukemia and its clinical significance / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between expression of CD200 antigen and clinical characteristics in AML patients and to analyse the value of CD200 in evaluation of AML prognosis. The CD200 and immunophenotypes were detected by flow cytometry, the chromosome karyotypes were determined by R banding, the FISH was used to measure the AML1/ETO, PML/RARa and inv(16), and PCR technique was used to detect the fusion genes AML1/ETO and PML/RARα. The results showed that the positive rate of CD200 antigen expression in 54 patients was 57.4% (31/54), the CD200 antigen expression between sex and age of patients was no significant different (P > 0.05). There was significant difference of CD200 expression between CD34 and CD117 (P < 0.05), but the difference of CD200 expression in chromosome karyotypes was no significant difference(P > 0.05). Moreover, there was significant difference of CD200 expression in CD34 and CD117 of CBF positive AML patients (P < 0.05). It is concluded that the CD200 antigen expression in AML may associate with a poor prognosis of patients.

Role of dendritic cells and their Toll-like receptor 4 in the pathogenesis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the surface antigen of the dendritic cells (DC) and their Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), and to explore their role in ITP pathogenesis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from complete remission patients (CR), non-complete remission patients (n-CR) and normal controls were stimulated by rhGM-CSF and rhIL-4. The surface antigen of the DC was analyzed by flow cytometry. The level of IL-12p70 in the supernatant was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of TLR4 mRNA of DC was detected by real time PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the 21 CR ITP patients, the expression of both CD80 and CD86 in DC was significantly increased compared with that in normal controls \[(51.60 ± 13.47)% vs (36.03 ± 15.43)%, (61.50 ± 15.93)% vs (40.28 ± 11.49)%, respectively\] (P < 0.01). The expression of CD80 and CD86 in n-CR group was also significantly increased \[(53.29 ± 19.49)% and (62.91 ± 18.43)%, respectively\] (P < 0.01). After HD-DXM treatment, both CD80 and CD86 in CR patients were decreased (P < 0.01). There was no difference between the DXM treatment patients and the normal controls. In n-CR group, there was no difference in CD80 and CD86 expression before and after DXM therapy \[(52.30 ± 20.98% and (49.79 ± 20.28)%, respectively\] (P > 0.05). CD80 was still higher than normal (P < 0.05), while CD86 was not changed. The level of IL-12p70 in CR ITP patients before treatment was significantly higher \[(67.52 ± 14.43) pg/ml\] than that of the controls \[(39.78 ± 10.03) pg/ml\](P < 0.01), and after treatment, was significantly decreased to (43.90 ± 8.49) pg/ml, being no difference from that in control. In n-CR group, IL-12p70 was lower after treatment \[(48.45 ± 9.68) pg/ml\] than that before treatment \[(65.35 ± 12.52) pg/ml\] (P < 0.01), but still higher than that in control (P < 0.05). The TLR4 mRNA level in DCs of CR ITP patients before treatment were significantly higher 0.69 ± 0.17 than that of controls (0.31 ± 0.09) (P < 0.01) and after treatment, was reduced to 0.35 ± 0.11, being no difference from that in control. In n-CR group, TLR4 mRNA was decreased from 0.65 ± 0.09 to 0.52 ± 0.21 after treatment (P < 0.01), but still higher than normal (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DC may play an important role in ITP by their Toll-like receptor and cytokine secretion.</p>

Beta-thalassemia major caused by compound heterozygosity for +40 to +43(-AAAC), IVS-2-654 (C to T) and codon 41/42 (-TCTT) / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To report the analysis of a rare beta-thalassemia ternary heterozygote [+40 to +43(-AAAC)*CD41/42(-TTCT)*IVS-2-654] causing beta-thalassemia major in a Chinese.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using PCR-ASO probe hybridization analysis to scan 17 known types of beta-thalassemia mutations, and gene cloning and DNA sequencing to identify the underlying causative mutation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Reverse dot blot (RDB) analysis showed that the patient's beta-globin gene had three mutations: +40 to +43(-AAAC), CD41/42(-TCTT) and IVS-2-654(C to T). Beta-globin gene cloning and sequencing proved that, the two deletions of +40 to +43(-AAAC) and CD41/42(-TCTT) co-existed on the same chromosome, and the other homologous chromosome had an IVS-2-654 (C to T) mutation. So the patient is a compound heterozygote of [+40 to +43(-AAAC)*CD41/42 (-TCTT)]/IVS-2-654 (C to T) leading to beta-thalassemia major.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The triple mutation of [+40 to +43(-AAAC)*CD41/42(-TCTT)/N] is a new genotype of beta-thalassemia in Chinese.</p>